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Trade Fairs in Turkey: Unpacking the Regulatory and Procedural Essentials

These trade fairs in Turkey, ranging from local exhibitions to grand international expos, not only showcase the country’s industrial prowess but also offer a platform for businesses from across the globe to converge, collaborate, and catalyze new ventures. As Turkey continues its ascent in the global economic landscape, understanding the intricate fabric of its trade fair ecosystem becomes paramount for stakeholders aiming to tap into its vast potential. In this comprehensive guide, we delve deep […]

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Unpacking Distributor Agreements in Turkey: What Every Business Should Know

I. General outline of Distributor Agreements in Turkey Distributorship agreements play a pivotal role in Turkey’s commercial arena. These agreements serve as the backbone for various industries, connecting manufacturers with retailers, and ensuring products reach consumers efficiently. However, unlike many commercial agreements that have specific regulations, distributorship agreements remain undefined in Turkish legislation. Their scope and dynamics are primarily derived from precedents and interpretations of related legal provisions. To navigate the complexities of these agreements, […]

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Biometric Signatures in Turkey: Legal Implications and Data Protection Concerns

II. Differentiating Types of Signatures: Electronic, Digital, and Biometric Before we delve deeper into biometric signatures, it’s pivotal to understand the distinction between electronic signatures, digital signatures, and biometric signatures. The eIDAS Regulation provides a structured approach to electronic signatures: While electronic and digital signatures primarily revolve around data validation and user authentication, biometric signatures capitalize on the unique physical or behavioral characteristics of the signatory. It’s crucial to note the position of Turkish regulations […]

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Sealing the Deal: Guidelines for Foolproof Turkish Real Estate Contracts

How to Ensure the Validity of Turkish Real Estate Contracts II. Form and Viability of Turkish Real Estate Contracts A. Language of Turkish Real Estate Contracts One of the initial considerations that demand attention is the language of the Agreement. Turkish legislation, notably Article 1 of the Law on Compulsory Use of Turkish No. 805, mandates that Turkish companies conduct their business and execute contracts in Turkish. While Turkish companies engaging with foreign parties may […]

How to start a medical tourism company in Turkey

How to Start a Medical Tourism Company in Turkey

I. Introduction Turkey’s prominence in the global medical tourism sector has grown steadily over recent years. With the country attracting approximately 338,000 foreign patients in 2020, this number surged to 624,444 in 2021 and reached 1.258 million in 2022. Projections suggest that by 2023, this figure could touch 1.8 million. This growth is driven by two primary factors: the cost-effective healthcare services Turkey offers compared to other countries with advanced healthcare systems, and the nation’s […]

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Unlocking the Use of Biometric Data in Turkey

Criticial Insights from ECHR and the Turkish DPA II. Applicable Legislation in Turkey for Data and Biometric Data Processing: The primary legislation governing the processing of personal data in Turkey is the Personal Data Protection Law (PDPL), numbered 6698. The PDPL aims to protect the fundamental rights and freedoms of individuals, particularly the right to privacy, concerning the processing of personal data. Under the PDPL, personal data refers to any information relating to an identified […]

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Comprehensive Guide to Arbitration in Turkey

Arbitration Agreements: A Key to Swift and Efficient Dispute Resolution II. Elements of an Arbitration Agreement for Arbitration in Turkey 1. Arbitration Intent One of the primary elements of a valid arbitration agreement is the clear intent of the parties to submit their disputes to arbitration. Parties must mutually and unequivocally express their consent to arbitration. An exemplary arbitration agreement, as provided on the Istanbul Arbitration Centre (ISTAÇ) website, can serve as a standard for […]

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Work Permit in Turkish Free Zones: A Comprehensive Guide for Foreign Employees

Deciphering the Work Permit Regulations in Turkish Free Zones The framework governing the acquisition of work permits for foreign employees in Turkey’s Free Zones is defined by the “Regulation on Working Permits for Foreign Employers in Free Trade Zones.” Introduced on May 27, 2017, this regulation was tailored to refine and expedite the work permit acquisition process for international employees in these specialized zones. Criteria for Work Permit Eligibility in Turkey Securing a work permit […]

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VAT & TAX REFUND PROCEDURES IN TURKEY

I. Overview Tax refund in Turkey is an issue that needs careful consideration. Turkey has a complex tax system, which can sometimes cause issues to foreign investors when trying to implement a profitable tax structure for their businesses. This is especially the case for businesses conducting international trade transactions, where raw materials are imported into Turkey, used to produce a specific product, which is later exported to third countries In such cases, the procedures concerning […]

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